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The Theory of Evolution The theory of evolution is based on the fact that certain traits are passed on more often than others. These traits allow individuals to live and reproduce and thus increase in number over time. Scientists understand now how this process works. For Going In this article , a study of the clawed frog revealed that duplicate genes can serve different purposes. Evolution is a process that occurs naturally Natural selection is the process that leads to organisms changing to be better adapted to the environment they live in. It is one of the main mechanisms of evolution, along with mutations as well as migrations and genetic drift. People with traits that facilitate survival and reproduction are more likely to pass on these traits to their offspring. This leads to gradual changes in frequency of genes as time passes. This can lead to the development of new species and the transformation of existing ones. Charles Darwin developed a scientific theory in the early 19th century that explains how organisms developed over time. The theory is based on the notion that more offspring are created than can survive, and that these offspring compete with each other for resources in their physical surroundings. This leads to an “evolutionary struggle” where those with the most desirable traits prevail and others are eliminated. The remaining offspring transmit the genes responsible for these beneficial traits to their offspring which gives them an advantage over other members of the same species. Over time, the population of organisms possessing these beneficial traits grows. It is difficult to see how natural selection could generate new traits if its primary function is to eliminate individuals who aren't physically fit. In addition, the majority of natural selections are used to reduce genetic variation in populations. As a result, it is unlikely that natural selection can create new traits unless other forces are in play. Genetic drift, mutation, and migration are the major forces of evolution that alter the frequency of genes and result in evolution. These processes are accelerated due to sexual reproduction and the fact that each parent gives half of its genes to their offspring. These genes, called alleles, may be present at different frequency between individuals belonging to the same species. The allele frequencies that result determine whether the trait will be dominant or recessive. In simplest terms, a mutation is an alteration in the structure of an organism's DNA code. The mutation causes some cells to grow and develop into an entirely different organism and others to not. Mutations can also increase the frequency of existing alleles, or create new alleles. The new alleles will be passed on to subsequent generations, and then become the dominant phenotype. Natural selection is the mainstay of evolution Natural selection is a simple mechanism that causes living things to change over time. It involves the interaction of heritable phenotypic variations and differential reproduction. These factors create the situation that people with beneficial characteristics are more likely survive and reproduce more than those who don't. This process is a gradual process that leads to a reshaping the gene pool to ensure that it is more closely linked to the environment in which people live. This is the principle behind Darwin's “survival of the strongest.” This is based on the assumption that different traits allow individuals to adapt to their environment. The traits that are adaptive increase the chances of individuals to survive and reproduce, and also produce a large number of offspring. In the long term, this will result in the trait spreading throughout a group according to BioMed Central. At some point, all of the people will be affected and the population will change. This is referred to as evolution. Those with less adaptive traits are likely to die or will not be able to produce offspring, and their genes won't pass on to future generations. In time, genetically modified species will take over the population and evolve into new species. However, this isn't a guaranteed process. The environment can change abruptly, causing the adaptations to become obsolete. Sexual selection is another aspect that influences the evolution. Certain traits are preferred if they increase the chances of an individual mating with another. This can result in bizarre phenotypes, such as brightly colored plumage of birds or the huge antlers of deer. These phenotypes may not be beneficial to the organism, however they may increase the chances of survival and reproduction. Many students are also confused about natural evolution due to confusion it with “soft inheritance”. Soft inheritance is not necessary for evolution but it is often a crucial element. This is because it allows for random modifications of DNA, as well as the creation of genetic variants which are not immediately beneficial to an organism. These mutations become the raw material upon which natural selection takes action. Genetics is the foundation of evolution Evolution is the natural process through which the traits of a species change over time. It is influenced by a variety of factors, including mutation in genetic drift, gene flow, and horizontal gene transfer. Evolution is also influenced the relative frequencies of alleles in a population's gene pool. This allows for the selection of a trait that is advantageous in new environments. The theory of evolution is a fundamental idea in biology and has profound implications for the understanding of life on Earth. Darwin's ideas, together with Linnaeus notions of relatedness and Lamarck theories of inheritance, changed the way traits are passed down from parent to child. Darwin believed that parents passed on traits inherited from their parents by their choice or inability to use them, but instead they were either favored or disfavored by the environment they lived in, and passed this information on to their children. Darwin referred to this as natural selection, and in his book The Origin of Species he explained how this might lead to the creation of new varieties of species. more.. , or mutations, occur randomly in the DNA of a cell. These mutations can result in many phenotypic traits such as hair color to eye color, and are affected by a myriad of environmental variables. Certain phenotypic traits are controlled by more than one gene and some have multiple alleles. For example blood type (A B or O) has three alleles. The combination of Darwinian ideas about evolution with Mendel's ideas about genetics is known as the Modern Synthesis, and it is the framework that combines macroevolutionary changes in fossil records with microevolutionary processes like genetic mutation and trait selection. Macroevolution takes a long time to complete and is only evident in fossil records. However, microevolution is a much faster process that can be observed in living organisms today. Microevolution is a process that is driven by genetic selection and mutation that are smaller scales than macroevolution. It can also be enhanced by other mechanisms like gene flow or horizontal gene transfer. The basis of evolution is chance Evolutionists have for a long time used the argument that evolution is random. This argument is faulty and it is important to know the reason. The argument confuses randomness and contingency. This error originates from a misreading the nature of biological contingency, as described by Stephen Jay Gould. He believed that the expansion of genetic information is not only random, but also contingent on previous events. He relied on the fact that DNA is a replica of DNA, and they themselves depend on other molecules. Every biological process follows an order of causality. The argument is also flawed because of its reliance on the laws of physics and the application of science. These statements are not just logically unsound, but they are also incorrect. Moreover the science of practice relies on a causal determinism that isn't enough to account for all natural events. Brendan Sweetman's book aims to give a balanced and readable introduction to the relationship of evolutionary theory with Christian theology. He is a patient, rather than a flashy writer and this is in keeping with his objectives, which are to separate the scientific value of evolutionary theory from its religious implications and developing the ability to think clearly about an issue that is controversial. While the book isn't as thorough as it could have been, it still provides an informative overview of the issues involved in this debate. It also makes clear that evolutionary theories are well-confirmed, widely accepted and worthy of rational acceptance. The book isn't as convincing when it comes to the question of whether God plays any part in the process of evolution. Trading Pokemon with other trainers is an excellent way to save Candy and also save time. The cost of evolving certain Pokemon by the traditional method, like Feebas is cut down by trading them with other players. This is especially helpful for high-level Pokemon that require a lot Candy to develop.